Code of Practice - Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair of Locomotive Boilers

The objective of this Code of Practice is to fill the gap left by the loss of experience as the use of steam locomotives continues into the 21st Century. This document provides a practical guide for rolling stock operators (RSOs) to assist them to meet their statutory responsibilities on steam locomotive boilers, which might be summarized as operating a boiler that is fit for service and presenting the minimum possible risk to any person with the minimum possible risk to the object so far as is reasonably practical (SFAIRP).

This is typically achieved by inspecting, repairing and maintaining boilers appropriately.

The Code has undergone significant updates to align with current safety priorities and standards. The review reflects ONRSR’s National Safety Sector Themes, particularly those related to heritage rolling stock risks. Changes include stronger guidance on inspection regimes and improved information on non-destructive testing methods, which are used to assess materials without causing damage. The Code also removes processes that are no longer considered acceptable, improving overall safety practice. In addition, it aligns with updated versions of AS 3788 and AS 1228, ensuring consistency with related standards. These changes represent a substantial improvement in guidance and expectations.

The Code provides guidance on the safe inspection, maintenance and repair of locomotive boilers, which are critical components in heritage rolling stock. It includes defined inspection regimes to ensure regular and consistent assessment of boiler condition. The Code also explains boiler anatomy, helping users understand key components and how they function. In addition, it outlines best practices for boiler repair and maintenance, supporting consistent and safe work methods. These features provide practical guidance to help heritage rail organisations manage boiler condition and maintain safe operations.

The Code can be implemented by conducting a thorough review of its updated requirements, given the significant changes included in this version. Organisations should identify all relevant documents within their Safety Management System that relate to locomotive boiler inspection, maintenance and repair, including roles and responsibilities. These documents should then be reviewed against the Code to identify any differences. Where gaps exist, organisations should assess whether the Code provides stronger risk management and update their processes accordingly. Changes should be implemented through the organisation’s formal change management process. Further guidance can be sought from ARISO if required.

The operation of locomotive boilers presents a significant safety risk, which is accentuated where poor inspection, maintenance, and repair practices exist. This Code provides good practice in managing safety risks that are associated with the inspection, maintenance, and repair of boilers.

This Code assists rolling stock operators in managing risks associated with pressure vessel failure, failure of pipes and tubes containing live steam, and the incorrect use of materials for repair of boilers.